The Path to Superintelligence
A timeline of AI development from 1960 to 2030.
Superintelligence (ASI)
AGI
Emerging AGI
Narrow AI (ANI)
1961: Unimate
The first industrial robot begins work at General Motors, performing repetitive tasks.
The first industrial robot begins work at General Motors, performing repetitive tasks.
1966: ELIZA
An early natural language processing program that simulated conversation with a psychotherapist.
An early natural language processing program that simulated conversation with a psychotherapist.
1979: Stanford Cart
Successfully navigates a chair-filled room autonomously, a key step in computer vision and robotics.
Successfully navigates a chair-filled room autonomously, a key step in computer vision and robotics.
1986: Backpropagation
The backpropagation algorithm is popularized, enabling the training of multi-layered neural networks.
The backpropagation algorithm is popularized, enabling the training of multi-layered neural networks.
1997: Deep Blue
IBM's chess computer defeats world champion Garry Kasparov, a major symbolic AI victory.
IBM's chess computer defeats world champion Garry Kasparov, a major symbolic AI victory.
2011: IBM Watson
Watson wins the quiz show Jeopardy!, showcasing advanced natural language understanding.
Watson wins the quiz show Jeopardy!, showcasing advanced natural language understanding.
2016: AlphaGo
DeepMind's AlphaGo defeats world Go champion Lee Sedol, a significant leap in complex strategy AI.
DeepMind's AlphaGo defeats world Go champion Lee Sedol, a significant leap in complex strategy AI.
2022: Generative AI Boom
Models like ChatGPT and DALL-E 2 become public, marking the start of the "Emerging AGI" era.
Models like ChatGPT and DALL-E 2 become public, marking the start of the "Emerging AGI" era.
~2028: AGI Emergence?
Many experts predict the first systems with Artificial General Intelligence could appear around this time.
Many experts predict the first systems with Artificial General Intelligence could appear around this time.